http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/719 Search the Channel search http://idea.library.drexel.edu/simple-search http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2727 Title: A phenomenological understanding of the adult crying experience to music listening <br/> <br/>Authors: Stapler, Emi Takagi <br/> <br/>Abstract: The purpose of this study was to begin developing an understanding of the personal, subjective experience of crying responses to music that arouses emotions. A phenomenological research method was used, which studies the lived experience of an individual in regard to a specific phenomenon, in this case to the crying response to music listening. This research investigated the subjective experiences individuals have while listening to music and the essence of the experiences that may exist in this experience through a phenomenological interview. The existing literature only contained one reference to crying to music, therefore, further research was necessary for this phenomenon. The literature review contains literature and research in regard to crying and music that provide a foundation for the phenomenon explored. Four participants signed consent and participated in the study. The results of the data analysis indicated that situational contexts, music, text or performance can have an influence on their experiences; there are connections, associations, or thoughts to real, anticipated, imagined or recollected relationships; physical exhibitions of intensity or anxiety were experienced between all participants; and crying experiences are personal. The essence of the experience emerged as the essential structures were compared to the literature review, and the final results indicated that relationships play a large role in the crying experience to music. Text or lyrics, situational contexts, physiological responses, and that the intimate nature of the crying experience were also important parts of the essence of the experience. <br/> <br/>Description: ix, 125 leaves. http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2726 Title: The role of the music therapist's spirituality in therapy. <br/> <br/>Authors: Sutton, Brigette K <br/> <br/>Abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore a new understanding of the music therapist’s experience of spirituality as related to his/her practice of music therapy. Much of the relevant literature discusses related subjects, such as spirituality, health care, psychotherapy, music, and music therapy. Some literature has begun to explore the relationship between music therapy and spirituality. However, the specific influence or role of the music therapist’s spirituality in music therapy needs to be better understood as the music therapy field strives to expand and improve its theoretical and practical foundations. This study employed a phenomenological design to explore the experiences of five participants. Five music therapists were interviewed in an open-ended, in-depth interview format. The data was then analyzed and coded. Four domains and 24 themes were identified from the compiled experiences of these individuals. Responses reflected the relevance of the literature on music therapy and spirituality thus far. Results also revealed more issues than were identified in the literature, indicating a need for further research in this area. <br/> <br/>Description: vi, 152 leaves. http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2725 Title: A phenomenological exploration of brief art therapy through folding two-dimensional drawings created by an adult population. <br/> <br/>Authors: Miller, Yurika <br/> <br/>Abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experience of individuals engaged in a paper-folding technique that might be adapted as a brief art therapy approach. The paper-folding technique in this study included the use of a drawing that was generated by the individual and then folded. In the art therapy context, the drawing was designed to express the thoughts and feelings of the individual. The premise of this study was based upon establishing the compatibility between the folding process and a brief art therapy approach. The parallel exists in the philosophy of brief therapy in which the ego supportive approach results in the covering over of unconscious material. Because there was no literature that systematically addresses paper-folding techniques as an art therapy process and since brief therapy was often the mode used for acutely psychiatrically ill hospitalized individuals, a study of this nature contributes to the adaptation of art therapy techniques to brief therapy approaches. The research design used in this study was phenomenological. Phenomenology allows for the emergence of an in-depth lived experience related to the phenomenon being studied (Creswell, 2003). Five healthy adult participants were recruited for this study. Each participant was asked to create a free drawing for 20 minutes, and to respond to an interview about the experience. He or she was asked to choose one folded shape from a group of three examples prepared by the co-investigator. Then, he or she followed the directions the co-investigator provided. After the participant completed the folding process, the co-investigator conducted the second interview. The data gathered from this study provided normative data about the in-depth lived experience of participating in this art process. Collected data included the processes of drawing and paper folding, and in depth, open-ended responsive interviews. The data was analyzed using the phenomenological method, which included the steps of epoche, bracketing, horizonalization of significant statements, clustering statements into meaning units, developing textural description and imaginative variations. The result of these data analysis processes was the structural synthesis, which was composed of the essence of the lived experience of the phenomenon (Creswell, 2003). All participants were able to complete a free drawing and folded the drawing created. Based on the analysis of the data, essential structures were identified regarding the participant’ experiences in folding their own drawing. Essential structures emerging from the data included evoking memories, the reflection, the denial, the creating art work with free association and emergence, the relief from anxiety and covering over the drawing in the folding. <br/> <br/>Description: ix, 237 p. : col. ill. http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2724 Title: A dance/movement therapy clinical model for women with gynecologic cancer undergoing high dose rate brachytherapy : a literature-based study. <br/> <br/>Authors: Ginsburgs, Vera Hannah <br/> <br/>Abstract: The diagnosis of gynecologic cancer not only has obvious physical ramifications for the patient, but also produces secondary psychological stressors that negatively impact the patient’s quality of life. These secondary stressors may include altered self-image, sense of isolation or of betrayal by one’s body, anxiety, depression, and complications related to sexuality. Additionally, these stressors may be persistent even ten years post diagnosis. Dance/movement therapy (DMT) has been shown to directly address these issues through a holistic approach to healing the mind-body connection to contribute to a patient’s abilities to cope with, and potentially, alter the progress of their illness. However, there are no published studies to date showing the utility of DMT as a psychosocial support intervention specifically with gynecologic cancer patients. The present literature-based research study collates results from various studies, in a matrix model format, to demonstrate the potential efficacy of DMT as it could be applied to patients with gynecologic cancer being treated with high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy, which presents the patient unique challenges both psychological and physical. A ten-week clinical model is designed for an intervention program to be initiated upon diagnosis and continued through the treatment. It combines elements from established DMT practices to specifically address psychological and psychosocial issues relevant to the targeted patient population. <br/> <br/>Description: ix, 127 l. http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2709 Title: Dance/movement therapy impact on quality of life in clients with co-occurring HIV, addiction, and mood disorders. <br/> <br/>Authors: Fairfax, Angela M. Tatum <br/> <br/>Abstract: The purpose of this experimental clinical case study was to investigate dance/movement therapy as an integrated interpersonal form of treatment that would meet the needs of a person with co-occurring diagnoses. To pursue this goal, three subjects diagnosed with co-occurring HIV, addiction, and mood disorders received individual dance/movement therapy twice a week for four weeks during the intervention phase of the study. A search of the literature found that clients with these particular cooccurring disorders generally received either psychiatric care with substance use treatment or medical care. One basis of the treatment outcome provided through dance/movement therapy offered these chents an opportunity to experience integration of cognitive, physical, emotional, and social aspects of being. This treatment modality provided a nonverbal approach to therapy that allowed the client to directly express emotions through the body; hence, stimulating unrestricted verbal expression of painful and frightening emotions. The eight-week study was a multiple baseline single-case experimental design using the ABA format (i.e. baseline-intervention-baseline phases) with repeated measures. Data was collected and analyzed from 1) pre- and post Health-Related Quality of Life assessment tool Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 version 2 Health Survey (MOS SF-36v2), 2) pre- and post interviews, and 3) researcher field notes of individual dance/movement therapy sessions. The results of the study partially supported the hypothesis that dance/movement therapy impacts quality of life in mental and physical health for the targeted population. <br/> <br/>Description: ix, 94 leaves : ill. ; http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2708 Title: Fairy tales, a means of evidencing adolescent conflicts : a pilot study <br/> <br/>Authors: Clark, Karen M <br/> <br/>Abstract: Fairy tales are believed to be of therapeutic benefit in that they provide fantasy vehicles for the expression and resolution of intrapsychic concerns. It was hypothesized that fairy tales read to adolescents who were requested to then draw the scene that most impressed them would reveal the presence of intrapsychic conflict and/or its resolution. Two populations of adolescent girls (8 girls in all) were read "Little Red Riding Hood", "Snow White11, and "Hansel and Gretel" two times within a four month period. The drawings were evaluated as to the manifest content of the items represented within them and were compared to see if any similarities or differences were apparent in the representation of major characters and objects from the stories. Results indicated that definable areas of conflict were seen in the fairy tale drawings of each of these adolescents and were traceable to objects and themes contained in the fairy tales. Group conflictual phenomena was evident as well as individual. <br/> <br/>Description: v, 142 leaves : ill. http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2707 Title: The effect of the affect modification style of music improvisational therapy. <br/> <br/>Authors: Kato, Kaori <br/> <br/>Abstract: The present study investigated the efficacy of the Affect Modification Style of Music Improvisational Therapy in modifying 29 graduate students' affective states. This particular improvisational technique is an integration of Altshuler's (1948) affect alternation technique and Stephens' (1983) Adult Improvisational Music Therapy. In this study, the participant's affective states were modified towards a desirable direction through the gradual change in musical elements produced by the manipulation of the 22 improvisational techniques. The specific musical elements (e.g., moderately fast tempo, major key) manipulated through the 22 improvisational techniques were found to evoke positive affective states (e.g., feeling happy) from research findings. The participants of this study were 29 graduate students in Creative Arts in Therapy program at MCP Hahnemann University, who had no apparent hearing impairment. The researcher administered the Profile of Mood States (POMS) (MacNair, Lorr, & Droppleman, 1981) and the Multiple Affect Adjective Check List (MAACL) before and after the administration of the Affect Modification Style of Music Improvisational Therapy. The results of this study seemed to support the hypotheses of the present study. As predicted in hypothesis 1, the participation in this particular improvisational style appeared to have led to an increase in scores representing positive affect on both the POMS and MAACL. Hypothesis 2 also seemed to be supported by the results of this study. Statistically significant reductions (p < .05) in levels of anxiety, depression, hostility, fatigue, and confusion were observed from the scores between pre and posttesting. Findings of this study suggested that the Affect Modification Style of Music Improvisational Therapy might have potential as a treatment technique to improve depressive affective states and other symptomatic mood disturbances. <br/> <br/>Description: viii, 163 leaves : ill. ; http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2706 Title: Social isolation as manifest in the drawings of learning-disabled children. <br/> <br/>Authors: Cohn, Linda S <br/> <br/>Abstract: Interpersonal relationships are essential to the normal development of a child. Learning-disabled children lack interpersonal relationships, and manifest social isolation in both their behavior and their artwork. In a study comparing the drawings done by 15 learning-disabled children and 15 children displaying no learning problems, it was demonstrated that learning-disabled children depict themselves as socially isolated in the context of their school environment. Two out of seven measures proved significant in the discrimination of the two groups with regard to social isolation. A grotesque self-image and the omission of peers from the drawing appeared significantly more in the drawings of learning-disabled children than in those of normal children. As diagnostic assessments the children's drawings can indicate social isolation and the direction toward its remediation. <br/> <br/>Description: iv, 92 leaves : ill. http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2705 Title: Auditory training through music as a therapeutic tool for hearing-impaired preschool children. <br/> <br/>Authors: Amir, Dikla <br/> <br/>Abstract: Twelve hearing-impaired preschool children, eight girls and four boys, aged 3.5-4.5, participated in this study, which investigated the effects of auditory training through music on the use of residual hearing as well as on social, emotional, and task-oriented behavior. Children were non-randomly assigned to an experimental and a control group, six children in each, by matching pairs on biographical and socioeconomic variables, variables related to hearing impairment, and cognitive functioning. The experimental group received 24 sessions of auditory training through music, which were conducted in two subgroups, twice a week, for 30 minutes per session. The pre- and post-measures for the experimental and control groups consisted of: (a) Assessment of the use of residual hearing, which was designed for this study and included four tests according to the four major hierarchical levels of auditory perception; detection, discrimination, recognition, and comprehension? (b) Classroom Behavior Inventory (adapted version), and (c) Non-standardized assessment of the children's spontaneous pictorial creation. The experimental group exhibited a significant increase in the use of residual hearing in comparison with that of the control group, on the levels of discrimination and recognition. No significant differences were found between the two groups on the levels of detection and comprehension. Children in the experimental group used their intellectual potential more effectively in comparison with the control group, as evidenced in the significant correlation between mental age and the posttest scores of the Comprehension Test. Regarding the social, emotional, and task-oriented behavior, although no significant differences were revealed between the two groups on the Inventory, a marked difference was detected on the assessment of the children's pictorial creation. This study implies that auditory training through music, conducted in groups, is effective, and thus provides experimental support for what is already known about the value of music for the hearing-impaired child. The more effective use of intellectual potential, the auditory abilities which were improved, and the sensitivity of the tools utilized to assess behavior are discussed as well as implications and suggestions for further research. <br/> <br/>Description: xi, 176 leaves : ill. ; http://idea.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/2704 Title: Stimulating motivation and awareness through sensory-oriented art therapy with multiply handicapped preschool children. <br/> <br/>Authors: Calistro, Cara J <br/> <br/>Abstract: Children with cerebral palsy or other neuromotor problems are often multiply handicapped and delayed in physical and psychosexual development. Because of the severity and multiplicity of the disabilities of these children the need for effective, documented intervention at an early age is imperative. This study proposes that sensory-oriented art therapy is a useful means of therapy for these children and can help them in many areas, particularly in terms of motivation and awareness. Six children in an experimental group receiving art therapy; six children in a control group receiving an equal amount of individual attention; and six children receiving no supplementary sessions, were rated at the beginning and end of this five month study, on scales measuring motivation and awareness. It was expected that the children in the art therapy group would show the greatest amount of advancement on these scales. Following statistical analysis this prediction was substantially supported. To determine behavioral and emotional changes in the children over the duration of the study, teachers were asked to complete a behavioral evaluation form for each child, before and after the study. This study explores concepts such as sensory-oriented art therapy and the use of art with multiply handicapped preschool children.